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During her undergraduate research at Oxford in 1931-1932, working with H.M. Powell on the structure of thallium dialkyl halides, Dorothy Hodgkin was one of the first people to use X-ray crystallography to study the structure of an organic compound. Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin is the only British woman to have received the Nobel Prize for science. She was awarded the prize for Chemistry in 1964, in recognition of her work of establishing the structures of vitamin B12 and penicillin. A British woman scientist last won a Nobel prize 55 years ago, in 1964: her name was Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, and she won the prize for chemistry. Before her, only two women had won the Chemistry prize: Marie Curie in 1911, and her daughter Irène Joliot-Curie in 1935. Dorothy Hodgkin took part in the meetings in 1946 which led to the foundation of the International Union of Crystallography and she has visited for scientific purposes many countries, including China, the USA and the USSR. Using X-ray crystallography, Hodgkin determined the structures of penicillin, insulin, and vitamin B12 and was the third woman ever to win the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. This International Women’s Day, we're taking the time to remember the pioneering Professor Dorothy Hodgkin, whose research on insulin unlocked treatments for people with diabetes and changed the landscape for women in science everywhere. Dorothy Hodgkin retired from public life in 1988, and died in 1994. As well as being a pre-eminent scientist, Dorothy was a kind, humble, and generous individual. Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin is best known for her work in developing crystallography of biochemical compounds. She was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1964 for determining the complicated structure of vitamin B12. Among her most influential discoveries are the confirmation of the structure of penicillin as previously surmised by Edward Abraham and Ernst Boris Chain; and mapping the structure of vitamin B 12, for which in 1964 she became the third woman to win the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Dorothy Hodgkin (born May 12, 1910, Cairo, Egypt—died July 29, 1994, Shipston-on-Stour, Warwickshire, England) was an English chemist whose determination of the structure of penicillin and vitamin B 12 brought her the 1964 Nobel Prize for Chemistry.

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